- China only
- Turkey only
- US, Ukraine, Russia
- India, Pakistan
The Abu Dhabi peace consultations convened official delegations from the United States, Ukraine, and Russia. This trilateral format represented a significant diplomatic development, as previous mediation efforts typically involved bilateral US-Russia or US-Ukraine engagements. The UAE hosted all three delegations simultaneously, creating the first direct dialogue opportunity between Ukrainian and Russian representatives under American facilitation since early in the conflict.
