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The 3rd Caliph, Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (R.A.), was martyred at 82 years old on June 17, 656 CE (18 Dhul-Hijjah 35 AH) by rebels who besieged his home in Medina. Known for his modesty and compiling the Uthmanic Quran codex, his advanced age reflected the 12-year duration of his caliphate (644-656 CE). Historical accounts (Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah) note he was reading Surah Al-Baqarah when assassinated, marking Islam’s first major political crisis.