- Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA)
- Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA)
- Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA)
- Qusayy ibn Kilab
Darul-Nadwa’s construction by Qusayy ibn Kilab (5th century CE) as a pre-Islamic council house demonstrates how Islam repurposed existing institutions for governance.
